/*
    * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
    * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
    * distributed with this work for additional information
    * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
    * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
    * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
    * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
    *
   *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
   *
   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
   * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
   * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
   * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
   * specific language governing permissions and limitations
   * under the License.
   */
  package org.apache.myfaces.application;
  
  import java.beans.BeanDescriptor;
  import java.beans.BeanInfo;
  import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
  import java.util.ArrayList;
  import java.util.Arrays;
  import java.util.Collection;
  import java.util.Collections;
  import java.util.HashMap;
  import java.util.Iterator;
  import java.util.List;
  import java.util.Locale;
  import java.util.Map;
  import java.util.MissingResourceException;
  import java.util.TimeZone;
  import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
  import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;
  import java.util.logging.Level;
  import java.util.logging.Logger;
  
  import javax.el.CompositeELResolver;
  import javax.el.ELContext;
  import javax.el.ELContextListener;
  import javax.el.ELException;
  import javax.el.ELResolver;
  import javax.el.ExpressionFactory;
  import javax.el.MethodExpression;
  import javax.el.ValueExpression;
  import javax.faces.FacesException;
  import javax.faces.application.Application;
  import javax.faces.application.NavigationHandler;
  import javax.faces.application.ProjectStage;
  import javax.faces.application.Resource;
  import javax.faces.application.ResourceDependencies;
  import javax.faces.application.ResourceDependency;
  import javax.faces.application.ResourceHandler;
  import javax.faces.application.StateManager;
  import javax.faces.application.ViewHandler;
  import javax.faces.component.UIComponent;
  import javax.faces.component.UIComponentBase;
  import javax.faces.component.UINamingContainer;
  import javax.faces.component.UIOutput;
  import javax.faces.component.UIViewRoot;
  import javax.faces.component.behavior.Behavior;
  import javax.faces.component.behavior.ClientBehaviorBase;
  import javax.faces.context.FacesContext;
  import javax.faces.convert.Converter;
  import javax.faces.convert.DateTimeConverter;
  import javax.faces.el.MethodBinding;
  import javax.faces.el.PropertyResolver;
  import javax.faces.el.ReferenceSyntaxException;
  import javax.faces.el.ValueBinding;
  import javax.faces.el.VariableResolver;
  import javax.faces.event.AbortProcessingException;
  import javax.faces.event.ActionListener;
  import javax.faces.event.ComponentSystemEventListener;
  import javax.faces.event.ListenerFor;
  import javax.faces.event.ListenersFor;
  import javax.faces.event.SystemEvent;
  import javax.faces.event.SystemEventListener;
  import javax.faces.event.SystemEventListenerHolder;
  import javax.faces.render.ClientBehaviorRenderer;
  import javax.faces.render.Renderer;
  import javax.faces.validator.Validator;
  import javax.faces.view.ViewDeclarationLanguage;
  import javax.naming.Context;
  import javax.naming.InitialContext;
  import javax.naming.NamingException;
  
  import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;
  import org.apache.myfaces.buildtools.maven2.plugin.builder.annotation.JSFWebConfigParam;
  import org.apache.myfaces.config.RuntimeConfig;
  import org.apache.myfaces.config.element.Property;
  import org.apache.myfaces.config.element.ResourceBundle;
  import org.apache.myfaces.context.RequestViewContext;
  import org.apache.myfaces.el.PropertyResolverImpl;
  import org.apache.myfaces.el.VariableResolverToApplicationELResolverAdapter;
  import org.apache.myfaces.el.convert.MethodExpressionToMethodBinding;
  import org.apache.myfaces.el.convert.ValueBindingToValueExpression;
  import org.apache.myfaces.el.convert.ValueExpressionToValueBinding;
 import org.apache.myfaces.el.unified.ELResolverBuilder;
 import org.apache.myfaces.el.unified.ResolverBuilderForFaces;
 import org.apache.myfaces.el.unified.resolver.FacesCompositeELResolver;
 import org.apache.myfaces.el.unified.resolver.FacesCompositeELResolver.Scope;
 import org.apache.myfaces.lifecycle.LifecycleImpl;
 import org.apache.myfaces.shared.config.MyfacesConfig;
 import org.apache.myfaces.shared.util.ClassUtils;
 import org.apache.myfaces.view.facelets.el.ELText;
 
 /**
  * DOCUMENT ME!
  * 
  * @author Manfred Geiler (latest modification by $Author: lu4242 $)
  * @author Anton Koinov
  * @author Thomas Spiegl
  * @author Stan Silvert
  * @version $Revision: 1296050 $ $Date: 2012-03-01 23:48:51 -0500 (Thu, 01 Mar 2012) $
  */
 @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
 public class ApplicationImpl extends Application
 {
     //private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(ApplicationImpl.class);
     private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(ApplicationImpl.class.getName());
 
     private final static VariableResolver VARIABLERESOLVER = new VariableResolverToApplicationELResolverAdapter();
 
     private final static PropertyResolver PROPERTYRESOLVER = new PropertyResolverImpl();
 
     // the name for the system property which specifies the current ProjectStage (see MYFACES-2545 for details)
     public final static String PROJECT_STAGE_SYSTEM_PROPERTY_NAME = "faces.PROJECT_STAGE";
     
     // MyFaces specific System Property to set the ProjectStage, if not present via the standard way
     @Deprecated
     public final static String MYFACES_PROJECT_STAGE_SYSTEM_PROPERTY_NAME = "org.apache.myfaces.PROJECT_STAGE";
     
     /**
      * Set the default timezone as system timezone when a converter extending from DateTimeConverter is created.
      */
     @JSFWebConfigParam(defaultValue="false", expectedValues="true, false", since="2.0", group="validation")
     public final static String DATETIMECONVERTER_DEFAULT_TIMEZONE_IS_SYSTEM_TIMEZONE_PARAM_NAME 
         = "javax.faces.DATETIMECONVERTER_DEFAULT_TIMEZONE_IS_SYSTEM_TIMEZONE";
     
     /**
      * Indicate the stage of the initialized application.
      */
     @JSFWebConfigParam(defaultValue="Production",
             expectedValues="Development, Production, SystemTest, UnitTest",
             since="2.0")
     private static final String PROJECT_STAGE_PARAM_NAME = "javax.faces.PROJECT_STAGE";
 
     /**
      * Indicate if the classes associated to components, converters, validators or behaviors
      * should be loaded as soon as they are added to the current application instance or instead
      * loaded in a lazy way.
      */
     @JSFWebConfigParam(defaultValue="true",since="2.0",tags="performance")
     private static final String LAZY_LOAD_CONFIG_OBJECTS_PARAM_NAME = "org.apache.myfaces.LAZY_LOAD_CONFIG_OBJECTS";
     private static final boolean LAZY_LOAD_CONFIG_OBJECTS_DEFAULT_VALUE = true;
     private Boolean _lazyLoadConfigObjects = null;
     
     // ~ Instance fields
     // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
     // --
 
     private Collection<Locale> _supportedLocales = Collections.emptySet();
     private Locale _defaultLocale;
     private String _messageBundle;
 
     private ViewHandler _viewHandler;
     private NavigationHandler _navigationHandler;
     private ActionListener _actionListener;
     private String _defaultRenderKitId;
     private ResourceHandler _resourceHandler;
     private StateManager _stateManager;
 
     private ArrayList<ELContextListener> _elContextListeners;
 
     // components, converters, and validators can be added at runtime--must
     // synchronize, uses ConcurrentHashMap to allow concurrent read of map
     private final Map<String, Object> _converterIdToClassMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Object>();
 
     private final Map<Class<?>, Object> _converterTargetClassToConverterClassMap
             = new ConcurrentHashMap<Class<?>, Object>();
     
     private final Map<String, Object> _componentClassMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Object>();
 
     private final Map<String, Object> _validatorClassMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Object>();
 
     private final Map<Class<? extends SystemEvent>, SystemListenerEntry> _systemEventListenerClassMap
             = new ConcurrentHashMap<Class<? extends SystemEvent>, SystemListenerEntry>();
 
     private final Map<String, String> _defaultValidatorsIds = new HashMap<String, String>();
     
     private volatile Map<String, String> _cachedDefaultValidatorsIds = null;
     
     private final Map<String, Object> _behaviorClassMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Object>();
 
     private final RuntimeConfig _runtimeConfig;
 
     private ELResolver elResolver;
 
     private ELResolverBuilder resolverBuilderForFaces;
 
     private ProjectStage _projectStage;
 
     private volatile boolean _firstRequestProcessed = false;
     
     // MYFACES-3442 If HashMap or other non thread-safe structure is used, it is
     // possible to fall in a infinite loop under heavy load unless a synchronized block
     // is used to modify it or a ConcurrentHashMap.
     private final Map<Class<?>, List<ListenerFor>> _classToListenerForMap
             = new ConcurrentHashMap<Class<?>, List<ListenerFor>>() ;
 
     private final Map<Class<?>, List<ResourceDependency>> _classToResourceDependencyMap
             = new ConcurrentHashMap<Class<?>, List<ResourceDependency>>() ;
     
     private List<Class<? extends Converter>> _noArgConstructorConverterClasses 
             = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<Class<? extends Converter>>();
     
     /** Value of javax.faces.DATETIMECONVERTER_DEFAULT_TIMEZONE_IS_SYSTEM_TIMEZONE parameter */
     private boolean _dateTimeConverterDefaultTimeZoneIsSystemTimeZone = false; 
     
     /**
      * Represents semantic null in _componentClassMap. 
      */
     private static final UIComponent NOTHING = new UIComponentBase()
     {
         @Override
         public String getFamily()
         {
             return null;
         }
     };
     
     // ~ Constructors
     // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
     // -----
 
     public ApplicationImpl()
     {
         this(getRuntimeConfig());
     }
 
     private static RuntimeConfig getRuntimeConfig()
     {
         return RuntimeConfig.getCurrentInstance(
                 FacesContext.getCurrentInstance().getExternalContext());
     }
 
     ApplicationImpl(final RuntimeConfig runtimeConfig)
     {
         if (runtimeConfig == null)
         {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("runtimeConfig must mot be null");
         }
         // set default implementation in constructor
         // pragmatic approach, no syncronizing will be needed in get methods
         _viewHandler = new ViewHandlerImpl();
         _navigationHandler = new NavigationHandlerImpl();
         _actionListener = new ActionListenerImpl();
         _defaultRenderKitId = "HTML_BASIC";
         _stateManager = new StateManagerImpl();
         _elContextListeners = new ArrayList<ELContextListener>();
         _resourceHandler = new ResourceHandlerImpl();
         _runtimeConfig = runtimeConfig;
 
         if (log.isLoggable(Level.FINEST))
         {
             log.finest("New Application instance created");
         }
         
         String configParam = getFaceContext().getExternalContext().
                 getInitParameter(DATETIMECONVERTER_DEFAULT_TIMEZONE_IS_SYSTEM_TIMEZONE_PARAM_NAME);
         if (configParam != null && configParam.toLowerCase().equals("true"))
         {
             _dateTimeConverterDefaultTimeZoneIsSystemTimeZone = true;
         }
     }
 
     // ~ Methods
     // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
     // ----------
 
     @Override
     public final void addELResolver(final ELResolver resolver)
     {
         if (isFirstRequestProcessed())
         {
             throw new IllegalStateException("It is illegal to add a resolver after the first request is processed");
         }
         if (resolver != null)
         {
             _runtimeConfig.addApplicationElResolver(resolver);
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public void addDefaultValidatorId(String validatorId)
     {
         if (_validatorClassMap.containsKey(validatorId))
         {
             Object validatorClass = getObjectFromClassMap(validatorId, _validatorClassMap);
             String className;
 
             if (validatorClass instanceof Class)
             {
                 className = ((Class<?>)validatorClass).getName();
             }
             else
             {
                 className = validatorClass.toString();
             }
             // Ensure atomicity between _defaultValidatorsIds and _cachedDefaultValidatorsIds
             synchronized(_defaultValidatorsIds)
             {
                 _defaultValidatorsIds.put(validatorId, className);
                 _cachedDefaultValidatorsIds = null;
             }
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public Map<String, String> getDefaultValidatorInfo()
     {
         // cachedMap ensures we will not return null if after the check for null
         // _cachedDefaultValidatorsIds is set to null. In theory the unmodifiable map
         // always has a reference to _defaultValidatorsIds, so any instance set
         // in _cachedDefaultValidatorsIds is always the same.
         Map<String, String> cachedMap = _cachedDefaultValidatorsIds;
         if (cachedMap == null)
         {
             synchronized(_defaultValidatorsIds)
             {
                 if (_cachedDefaultValidatorsIds == null)
                 {
                     _cachedDefaultValidatorsIds = Collections.unmodifiableMap(_defaultValidatorsIds);
                 }
                 cachedMap = _cachedDefaultValidatorsIds;
             }
         }
         return cachedMap;
     }
 
     @Override
     public final ELResolver getELResolver()
     {
         // we don't need synchronization here since it is ok to have multiple
         // instances of the elresolver
         if (elResolver == null)
         {
             elResolver = createFacesResolver();
         }
         return elResolver;
     }
 
     private ELResolver createFacesResolver()
     {
         boolean supportJSPAndFacesEL = MyfacesConfig.getCurrentInstance(
                                 getFaceContext().getExternalContext()).isSupportJSPAndFacesEL();
         CompositeELResolver resolver;
         if (supportJSPAndFacesEL)
         {
             resolver = new FacesCompositeELResolver(Scope.Faces);
         }
         else
         {
             resolver = new CompositeELResolver();
         }
         getResolverBuilderForFaces().build(resolver);
         return resolver;
     }
 
     protected final ELResolverBuilder getResolverBuilderForFaces()
     {
         if (resolverBuilderForFaces == null)
         {
             resolverBuilderForFaces = new ResolverBuilderForFaces(_runtimeConfig);
         }
         return resolverBuilderForFaces;
     }
 
     public final void setResolverBuilderForFaces(final ELResolverBuilder factory)
     {
         resolverBuilderForFaces = factory;
     }
 
     @Override
     public final java.util.ResourceBundle getResourceBundle(final FacesContext facesContext, final String name)
             throws FacesException, NullPointerException
     {
 
         checkNull(facesContext, "facesContext");
         checkNull(name, "name");
 
         final String bundleName = getBundleName(facesContext, name);
 
         if (bundleName == null)
         {
             return null;
         }
 
         Locale locale = Locale.getDefault();
 
         final UIViewRoot viewRoot = facesContext.getViewRoot();
         if (viewRoot != null && viewRoot.getLocale() != null)
         {
             locale = viewRoot.getLocale();
         }
 
         try
         {
             return getResourceBundle(bundleName, locale, getClassLoader());
         }
         catch (MissingResourceException e)
         {
             try
             {
                 return getResourceBundle(bundleName, locale, this.getClass().getClassLoader());
             }
             catch (MissingResourceException e1)
             {            
                 throw new FacesException("Could not load resource bundle for name '"
                                          + name + "': " + e.getMessage(), e1);
             }
         }
     }
 
     private ClassLoader getClassLoader()
     {
         return ClassUtils.getContextClassLoader();
     }
 
     String getBundleName(final FacesContext facesContext, final String name)
     {
         ResourceBundle bundle = getRuntimeConfig(facesContext).getResourceBundle(name);
         return bundle != null ? bundle.getBaseName() : null;
     }
 
     java.util.ResourceBundle getResourceBundle(final String name, final Locale locale, final ClassLoader loader)
             throws MissingResourceException
     {
         return java.util.ResourceBundle.getBundle(name, locale, loader);
     }
 
     final RuntimeConfig getRuntimeConfig(final FacesContext facesContext)
     {
         return RuntimeConfig.getCurrentInstance(facesContext.getExternalContext());
     }
 
     final FacesContext getFaceContext()
     {
         return FacesContext.getCurrentInstance();
     }
 
     @Override
     public final UIComponent createComponent(final ValueExpression componentExpression,
                                              final FacesContext facesContext, final String componentType)
             throws FacesException, NullPointerException
     {
 
         /*
          * Before the component instance is returned, it must be inspected for the presence of a ListenerFor (or
          * ListenersFor) or ResourceDependency (or ResourceDependencies) annotation. If any of these annotations are
          * present, the action listed in ListenerFor or ResourceDependency must be taken on the component, 
          * before it is
          * returned from this method. This variant of createComponent must not inspect the Renderer for the 
          * component to
          * be returned for any of the afore mentioned annotations. Such inspection is the province of
          */
 
         checkNull(componentExpression, "componentExpression");
         checkNull(facesContext, "facesContext");
         checkNull(componentType, "componentType");
 
         ELContext elContext = facesContext.getELContext();
 
         try
         {
             Object retVal = componentExpression.getValue(elContext);
 
             UIComponent createdComponent;
 
             if (retVal instanceof UIComponent)
             {
                 createdComponent = (UIComponent) retVal;
                 _handleAnnotations(facesContext, createdComponent, createdComponent);
             }
             else
             {
                 createdComponent = createComponent(componentType);
                 componentExpression.setValue(elContext, createdComponent);
             }
 
             return createdComponent;
         }
         catch (FacesException e)
         {
             throw e;
         }
         catch (Exception e)
         {
             throw new FacesException(e);
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public UIComponent createComponent(ValueExpression componentExpression, FacesContext context, 
                                        String componentType, String rendererType)
     {
         // Like createComponent(ValueExpression, FacesContext, String)
         UIComponent component = createComponent(componentExpression, context, componentType);
 
         _inspectRenderer(context, component, componentType, rendererType);
 
         return component;
     }
 
     @Override
     public final ExpressionFactory getExpressionFactory()
     {
         return _runtimeConfig.getExpressionFactory();
     }
 
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     @Override
     public final <T> T evaluateExpressionGet(final FacesContext context, final String expression,
                                              final Class<? extends T> expectedType) throws ELException
     {
         ELContext elContext = context.getELContext();
 
         ExpressionFactory factory = getExpressionFactory();
 
         return (T) factory.createValueExpression(elContext, expression, expectedType).getValue(elContext);
     }
 
     @Override
     public final void addELContextListener(final ELContextListener listener)
     {
         synchronized (_elContextListeners)
         {
             _elContextListeners.add(listener);
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public void publishEvent(FacesContext facesContext, Class<? extends SystemEvent> systemEventClass,
                              Class<?> sourceBaseType, Object source)
     {
         checkNull(systemEventClass, "systemEventClass");
         checkNull(source, "source");
         
         //Call events only if event processing is enabled.
         if (!facesContext.isProcessingEvents())
         {
             return;
         }
         
         // spec: If this argument is null the return from source.getClass() must be used as the sourceBaseType. 
         if (sourceBaseType == null)
         {
             sourceBaseType = source.getClass();
         }
         
         try
         {
             SystemEvent event = null;
             if (source instanceof SystemEventListenerHolder)
             {
                 SystemEventListenerHolder holder = (SystemEventListenerHolder) source;
 
                 // If the source argument implements SystemEventListenerHolder, call
                 // SystemEventListenerHolder.getListenersForEventClass(java.lang.Class) on it, passing the
                 // systemEventClass
                 // argument. If the list is not empty, perform algorithm traverseListenerList on the list.
                 event = _traverseListenerList(holder.getListenersForEventClass(systemEventClass), systemEventClass,
                                               source, event);
             }
             
             UIViewRoot uiViewRoot = facesContext.getViewRoot();
             if (uiViewRoot != null)
             {
                 //Call listeners on view level
                 event = _traverseListenerListWithCopy(uiViewRoot.getViewListenersForEventClass(systemEventClass), 
                         systemEventClass, source, event);
             }
 
             SystemListenerEntry systemListenerEntry = _systemEventListenerClassMap.get(systemEventClass);
             if (systemListenerEntry != null)
             {
                 systemListenerEntry.publish(systemEventClass, sourceBaseType, source, event);
             }
         }
         catch (AbortProcessingException e)
         {
             // If the act of invoking the processListener method causes an AbortProcessingException to be thrown,
             // processing of the listeners must be aborted, no further processing of the listeners for this event must
             // take place, and the exception must be logged with Level.SEVERE.
             log.log(Level.SEVERE, "Event processing was aborted", e);
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public void publishEvent(FacesContext facesContext, Class<? extends SystemEvent> systemEventClass, Object source)
     {
         publishEvent(facesContext, systemEventClass, source.getClass(), source);
     }
 
     @Override
     public final void removeELContextListener(final ELContextListener listener)
     {
         synchronized (_elContextListeners)
         {
             _elContextListeners.remove(listener);
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public final ELContextListener[] getELContextListeners()
     {
         // this gets called on every request, so I can't afford to synchronize
         // I just have to trust that toArray() with do the right thing if the
         // list is changing (not likely)
         return _elContextListeners.toArray(new ELContextListener[_elContextListeners.size()]);
     }
 
     @Override
     public final void setActionListener(final ActionListener actionListener)
     {
         checkNull(actionListener, "actionListener");
 
         _actionListener = actionListener;
         if (log.isLoggable(Level.FINEST))
         {
             log.finest("set actionListener = " + actionListener.getClass().getName());
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public final ActionListener getActionListener()
     {
         return _actionListener;
     }
 
     @Override
     public Iterator<String> getBehaviorIds()
     {
         return _behaviorClassMap.keySet().iterator();
     }
 
     @Override
     public final Iterator<String> getComponentTypes()
     {
         return _componentClassMap.keySet().iterator();
     }
 
     @Override
     public final Iterator<String> getConverterIds()
     {
         return _converterIdToClassMap.keySet().iterator();
     }
 
     @Override
     public final Iterator<Class<?>> getConverterTypes()
     {
         return _converterTargetClassToConverterClassMap.keySet().iterator();
     }
 
     @Override
     public final void setDefaultLocale(final Locale locale)
     {
         checkNull(locale, "locale");
 
         _defaultLocale = locale;
         if (log.isLoggable(Level.FINEST))
         {
             log.finest("set defaultLocale = " + locale.getCountry() + " " + locale.getLanguage());
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public final Locale getDefaultLocale()
     {
         return _defaultLocale;
     }
 
     @Override
     public final void setMessageBundle(final String messageBundle)
     {
         checkNull(messageBundle, "messageBundle");
 
         _messageBundle = messageBundle;
         if (log.isLoggable(Level.FINEST))
         {
             log.finest("set MessageBundle = " + messageBundle);
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public final String getMessageBundle()
     {
         return _messageBundle;
     }
 
     @Override
     public final void setNavigationHandler(final NavigationHandler navigationHandler)
     {
         checkNull(navigationHandler, "navigationHandler");
 
         _navigationHandler = navigationHandler;
         if (log.isLoggable(Level.FINEST))
         {
             log.finest("set NavigationHandler = " + navigationHandler.getClass().getName());
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public final NavigationHandler getNavigationHandler()
     {
         return _navigationHandler;
     }
 
     /**
      * @deprecated
      */
     @Deprecated
     @Override
     public final void setPropertyResolver(final PropertyResolver propertyResolver)
     {
         checkNull(propertyResolver, "propertyResolver");
 
         if (getFaceContext() != null)
         {
             throw new IllegalStateException("propertyResolver must be defined before request processing");
         }
 
         _runtimeConfig.setPropertyResolver(propertyResolver);
 
         if (log.isLoggable(Level.FINEST))
         {
             log.finest("set PropertyResolver = " + propertyResolver.getClass().getName());
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public ProjectStage getProjectStage()
     {
         // If the value has already been determined by a previous call to this
         // method, simply return that value.
         if (_projectStage == null)
         {
             String stageName = null;
             
             // try to obtain the ProjectStage from the system property
             // faces.PROJECT_STAGE as proposed by Ed Burns
             stageName = System.getProperty(PROJECT_STAGE_SYSTEM_PROPERTY_NAME);
             
             if (stageName == null)
             {
                 // if not found check for the "old" System Property
                 // and print a warning message to the log (just to be 
                 // sure that everyone recognizes the change in the name).
                 stageName = System.getProperty(MYFACES_PROJECT_STAGE_SYSTEM_PROPERTY_NAME);
                 if (stageName != null)
                 {
                     log.log(Level.WARNING, "The system property " + MYFACES_PROJECT_STAGE_SYSTEM_PROPERTY_NAME
                             + " has been replaced by " + PROJECT_STAGE_SYSTEM_PROPERTY_NAME + "!"
                             + " Please change your settings.");
                 }
             }
             
             if (stageName == null)
             {
                 // Look for a JNDI environment entry under the key given by the
                 // value of ProjectStage.PROJECT_STAGE_JNDI_NAME (return type of
                 // java.lang.String).
                 try
                 {
                     Context ctx = new InitialContext();
                     Object temp = ctx.lookup(ProjectStage.PROJECT_STAGE_JNDI_NAME);
                     if (temp != null)
                     {
                         if (temp instanceof String)
                         {
                             stageName = (String) temp;
                         }
                         else
                         {
                             log.severe("JNDI lookup for key " + ProjectStage.PROJECT_STAGE_JNDI_NAME
                                     + " should return a java.lang.String value");
                         }
                     }
                 }
                 catch (NamingException e)
                 {
                     // no-op
                 }
                 catch (NoClassDefFoundError er)
                 {
                     //On Google App Engine, javax.naming.Context is a restricted class.
                     //In that case, NoClassDefFoundError is thrown. stageName needs to be configured
                     //below by context parameter.
                     //It can be done with changing the order to look first at
                     // context param, but it is defined in the spec.
                     //http://java.sun.com/javaee/6/docs/api/javax/faces/application/Application.html#getProjectStage()
                     //no-op
                 }
             }
 
             /*
              * If found, continue with the algorithm below, otherwise, look for an entry in the initParamMap of the
              * ExternalContext from the current FacesContext with the key ProjectStage.PROJECT_STAGE_PARAM_NAME
              */
             if (stageName == null)
             {
                 FacesContext context = FacesContext.getCurrentInstance();
                 stageName = context.getExternalContext().getInitParameter(ProjectStage.PROJECT_STAGE_PARAM_NAME);
             }
 
             // If a value is found
             if (stageName != null)
             {
                 /*
                  * see if an enum constant can be obtained by calling ProjectStage.valueOf(), passing 
                  * the value from the initParamMap. If this succeeds without exception, save the value 
                  * and return it.
                  */
                 try
                 {
                     _projectStage = ProjectStage.valueOf(stageName);
                     return _projectStage;
                 }
                 catch (IllegalArgumentException e)
                 {
                     log.log(Level.SEVERE, "Couldn't discover the current project stage", e);
                 }
             }
             else
             {
                 if (log.isLoggable(Level.INFO))
                 {
                     log.info("Couldn't discover the current project stage, using " + ProjectStage.Production);
                 }
             }
 
             /*
              * If not found, or any of the previous attempts to discover the enum constant value have failed, log a
              * descriptive error message, assign the value as ProjectStage.Production and return it.
              */
             
             _projectStage = ProjectStage.Production;
         }
 
         return _projectStage;
     }
 
     /**
      * @deprecated
      */
     @Deprecated
     @Override
     public final PropertyResolver getPropertyResolver()
     {
         return PROPERTYRESOLVER;
     }
 
     @Override
     public final void setResourceHandler(ResourceHandler resourceHandler)
     {
         checkNull(resourceHandler, "resourceHandler");
 
         if(isFirstRequestProcessed())
         {
             throw new IllegalStateException(
                     "setResourceHandler may not be executed after a lifecycle request has been completed");
         }
         _resourceHandler = resourceHandler;
     }
 
     @Override
     public final ResourceHandler getResourceHandler()
     {
         return _resourceHandler;
     }
 
     @Override
     public final void setSupportedLocales(final Collection<Locale> locales)
     {
         checkNull(locales, "locales");
 
         _supportedLocales = locales;
         if (log.isLoggable(Level.FINEST))
         {
             log.finest("set SupportedLocales");
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public final Iterator<Locale> getSupportedLocales()
     {
         return _supportedLocales.iterator();
     }
 
     @Override
     public final Iterator<String> getValidatorIds()
     {
         return _validatorClassMap.keySet().iterator();
     }
 
     /**
      * @deprecated
      */
     @Deprecated
     @Override
     public final void setVariableResolver(final VariableResolver variableResolver)
     {
         checkNull(variableResolver, "variableResolver");
 
         if (isFirstRequestProcessed())
         {
             throw new IllegalStateException("variableResolver must be defined before request processing");
         }
 
         _runtimeConfig.setVariableResolver(variableResolver);
 
         if (log.isLoggable(Level.FINEST))
         {
             log.finest("set VariableResolver = " + variableResolver.getClass().getName());
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * @deprecated
      */
     @Deprecated
     @Override
     public final VariableResolver getVariableResolver()
     {
         return VARIABLERESOLVER;
     }
 
     @Override
     public final void setViewHandler(final ViewHandler viewHandler)
     {
         checkNull(viewHandler, "viewHandler");
 
         if(isFirstRequestProcessed())
         {
             throw new IllegalStateException(
                     "setViewHandler may not be executed after a lifecycle request has been completed");
         }
         _viewHandler = viewHandler;
         if (log.isLoggable(Level.FINEST))
         {
             log.finest("set ViewHandler = " + viewHandler.getClass().getName());
         }
     }
     
     @Override
     public void subscribeToEvent(Class<? extends SystemEvent> systemEventClass, SystemEventListener listener)
     {
         subscribeToEvent(systemEventClass, null, listener);
     }
 
     @Override
     public void subscribeToEvent(Class<? extends SystemEvent> systemEventClass, Class<?> sourceClass,
                                  SystemEventListener listener)
     {
         checkNull(systemEventClass, "systemEventClass");
         checkNull(listener, "listener");
 
         SystemListenerEntry systemListenerEntry;
         synchronized (_systemEventListenerClassMap)
         {
             systemListenerEntry = _systemEventListenerClassMap.get(systemEventClass);
             if (systemListenerEntry == null)
             {
                 systemListenerEntry = new SystemListenerEntry();
                 _systemEventListenerClassMap.put(systemEventClass, systemListenerEntry);
             }
         }
 
         systemListenerEntry.addListener(listener, sourceClass);
     }
     
     @Override
     public void unsubscribeFromEvent(Class<? extends SystemEvent> systemEventClass, SystemEventListener listener)
     {
         unsubscribeFromEvent(systemEventClass, null, listener);
     }
 
     @Override
     public void unsubscribeFromEvent(Class<? extends SystemEvent> systemEventClass, Class<?> sourceClass,
                                      SystemEventListener listener)
     {
         checkNull(systemEventClass, "systemEventClass");
         checkNull(listener, "listener");
 
         SystemListenerEntry systemListenerEntry = _systemEventListenerClassMap.get(systemEventClass);
         if (systemListenerEntry != null)
         {
             systemListenerEntry.removeListener(listener, sourceClass);
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public final ViewHandler getViewHandler()
     {
         return _viewHandler;
     }
 
     @Override
     public void addBehavior(String behaviorId, String behaviorClass)
     {
         checkNull(behaviorId, "behaviorId");
         checkEmpty(behaviorId, "behaviorId");
         checkNull(behaviorClass, "behaviorClass");
         checkEmpty(behaviorClass, "behaviorClass");
 
         try
         {
             if(isLazyLoadConfigObjects())
             {
                 _behaviorClassMap.put(behaviorId, behaviorClass);
             }
             else
             {
                 _behaviorClassMap.put(behaviorId, ClassUtils.simpleClassForName(behaviorClass));
             }
             
             if (log.isLoggable(Level.FINEST))
             {
                 log.finest("add Behavior class = " + behaviorClass + " for id = " + behaviorId);
             }
         }
         catch (Exception e)
         {
             log.log(Level.SEVERE, "Behavior class " + behaviorClass + " not found", e);
         }
 
     }
 
     @Override
     public final void addComponent(final String componentType, final String componentClassName)
     {
         checkNull(componentType, "componentType");
         checkEmpty(componentType, "componentType");
         checkNull(componentClassName, "componentClassName");
         checkEmpty(componentClassName, "componentClassName");
 
         try
         {
             if(isLazyLoadConfigObjects())
             {
                 _componentClassMap.put(componentType, componentClassName);
             }
             else
             {
                 _componentClassMap.put(componentType, ClassUtils.simpleClassForName(componentClassName));
             }
             
             if (log.isLoggable(Level.FINEST))
             {
                 log.finest("add Component class = " + componentClassName + " for type = " + componentType);
             }
         }
         catch (Exception e)
         {
             log.log(Level.SEVERE, "Component class " + componentClassName + " not found", e);
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public final void addConverter(final String converterId, final String converterClass)
     {
         checkNull(converterId, "converterId");
         checkEmpty(converterId, "converterId");
         checkNull(converterClass, "converterClass");
         checkEmpty(converterClass, "converterClass");
 
         try
         {
             if(isLazyLoadConfigObjects())
             {
                 _converterIdToClassMap.put(converterId, converterClass);
             }
             else
             {
                 _converterIdToClassMap.put(converterId, ClassUtils.simpleClassForName(converterClass));
             }
             if (log.isLoggable(Level.FINEST))
             {
                 log.finest("add Converter id = " + converterId + " converterClass = " + converterClass);
             }
         }
         catch (Exception e)
         {
             log.log(Level.SEVERE, "Converter class " + converterClass + " not found", e);
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public final void addConverter(final Class<?> targetClass, final String converterClass)
     {
         checkNull(targetClass, "targetClass");
         checkNull(converterClass, "converterClass");
         checkEmpty(converterClass, "converterClass");
 
         try
         {
             if(isLazyLoadConfigObjects())
             {
                 _converterTargetClassToConverterClassMap.put(targetClass, converterClass);
             }
             else
             {
                 _converterTargetClassToConverterClassMap.put(targetClass,
                                                              ClassUtils.simpleClassForName(converterClass));
             }
 
             if (log.isLoggable(Level.FINEST))
             {
                 log.finest("add Converter for class = " + targetClass + " converterClass = " + converterClass);
             }
         }
         catch (Exception e)
         {
             log.log(Level.SEVERE, "Converter class " + converterClass + " not found", e);
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public final void addValidator(final String validatorId, final String validatorClass)
     {
         checkNull(validatorId, "validatorId");
         checkEmpty(validatorId, "validatorId");
         checkNull(validatorClass, "validatorClass");
         checkEmpty(validatorClass, "validatorClass");
 
         try
         {
             if(isLazyLoadConfigObjects())
             {
                 _validatorClassMap.put(validatorId, validatorClass);
             }
             else
             {
                 _validatorClassMap.put(validatorId, ClassUtils.simpleClassForName(validatorClass));
             }
             
             if (log.isLoggable(Level.FINEST))
             {
                 log.finest("add Validator id = " + validatorId + " class = " + validatorClass);
             }
         }
         catch (Exception e)
         {
             log.log(Level.SEVERE, "Validator class " + validatorClass + " not found", e);
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public Behavior createBehavior(String behaviorId) throws FacesException
     {
         checkNull(behaviorId, "behaviorId");
         checkEmpty(behaviorId, "behaviorId");
 
         final Class<?> behaviorClass = getObjectFromClassMap(behaviorId, _behaviorClassMap);
         
         if (behaviorClass == null)
         {
             throw new FacesException("Could not find any registered behavior-class for behaviorId : " + behaviorId);
         }
         
         try
         {
             Behavior behavior = (Behavior)behaviorClass.newInstance();
 
             _handleAttachedResourceDependencyAnnotations(FacesContext.getCurrentInstance(), behavior);
 
             if (behavior instanceof ClientBehaviorBase)
             {
               ClientBehaviorBase clientBehavior = (ClientBehaviorBase) behavior;
               String renderType = clientBehavior.getRendererType();
               if (renderType != null)
               {
                 FacesContext ctx = FacesContext.getCurrentInstance();
                 ClientBehaviorRenderer cbr = ctx.getRenderKit().getClientBehaviorRenderer(renderType);
                 _handleAttachedResourceDependencyAnnotations(FacesContext.getCurrentInstance(), cbr);
               }
             }
 
             return behavior;
         }
         catch (Exception e)
         {
             log.log(Level.SEVERE, "Could not instantiate behavior " + behaviorClass, e);
             throw new FacesException("Could not instantiate behavior: " + behaviorClass, e);
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public UIComponent createComponent(FacesContext context, Resource componentResource)
     {
         checkNull(context, "context");
         checkNull(componentResource, "componentResource");
         
         UIComponent component = null;
         Resource resource;
         String fqcn;
         Class<? extends UIComponent> componentClass = null;
 
         /*
          * Obtain a reference to the ViewDeclarationLanguage for this Application instance by calling
          * ViewHandler.getViewDeclarationLanguage(javax.faces.context.FacesContext, java.lang.String), passing the
          * viewId found by calling UIViewRoot.getViewId() on the UIViewRoot in the argument FacesContext.
          */
         UIViewRoot view = context.getViewRoot();
         Application application = context.getApplication();
         ViewDeclarationLanguage vdl
                 = application.getViewHandler().getViewDeclarationLanguage(context, view.getViewId());
 
         /*
          * Obtain a reference to the composite component metadata for this composite component by calling
          * ViewDeclarationLanguage.getComponentMetadata(javax.faces.context.FacesContext,
          * javax.faces.application.Resource), passing the facesContext and componentResource arguments to this method.
          * This version of JSF specification uses JavaBeans as the API to the component metadata.
          */
         BeanInfo metadata = vdl.getComponentMetadata(context, componentResource);
         if (metadata == null)
         {
             throw new FacesException("Could not get component metadata for " 
                     + componentResource.getResourceName()
                     + ". Did you forget to specify <composite:interface>?");
         }
 
         /*
          * Determine if the component author declared a component-type for this component instance by obtaining the
          * BeanDescriptor from the component metadata and calling its getValue() method, passing
          * UIComponent.COMPOSITE_COMPONENT_TYPE_KEY as the argument. If non-null, the result must be a ValueExpression
          * whose value is the component-type of the UIComponent to be created for this Resource component. Call through
          * to createComponent(java.lang.String) to create the component.
          */
         BeanDescriptor descriptor = metadata.getBeanDescriptor();
         ValueExpression componentType = (ValueExpression) descriptor.getValue(
                 UIComponent.COMPOSITE_COMPONENT_TYPE_KEY);
         boolean annotationsApplied = false;
         if (componentType != null)
         {
             component = application.createComponent((String) componentType.getValue(context.getELContext()));
             annotationsApplied = true;
         }
         else
         {
             /*
              * Otherwise, determine if a script based component for this Resource can be found by calling
              * ViewDeclarationLanguage.getScriptComponentResource(javax.faces.context.FacesContext,
              * javax.faces.application.Resource). If the result is non-null, and is a script written in one of the
              * languages listed in JSF 4.3 of the specification prose document, create a UIComponent instance from the
              * script resource.
              */
             resource = vdl.getScriptComponentResource(context, componentResource);
             if (resource != null)
             {
                 String name = resource.getResourceName();
                 String className = name.substring(0, name.lastIndexOf('.'));
 
                 component = (UIComponent)ClassUtils.newInstance(className);
             }
             else
             {
                 /*
                  * Otherwise, let library-name be the return from calling Resource.getLibraryName() on the argument
                  * componentResource and resource-name be the return from calling Resource.getResourceName() on the
                  * argument componentResource. Create a fully qualified Java class name by removing any file extension
                  * from resource-name and let fqcn be library-name + "." + resource-name. If a class with the name of
                  * fqcn cannot be found, take no action and continue to the next step. If any of 
                  * InstantiationException,
                  * IllegalAccessException, or ClassCastException are thrown, wrap the exception in a FacesException and
                  * re-throw it. If any other exception is thrown, log the exception and continue to the next step.
                  */
 
                 boolean isProduction = FacesContext.getCurrentInstance().isProjectStage(ProjectStage.Production);
                 String name = componentResource.getResourceName();
                 String className = name.substring(0, name.lastIndexOf('.'));
                 fqcn = componentResource.getLibraryName() + "." + className;
                 
                 if (isProduction)
                 {
                     componentClass = (Class<? extends UIComponent>) _componentClassMap.get(fqcn);
                 }
                 if (componentClass == null)
                 {
                     try
                     {
                         componentClass = ClassUtils.classForName(fqcn);
                         if (isProduction)
                         {
                             _componentClassMap.put(fqcn, componentClass);
                         }
                     }
                     catch (ClassNotFoundException e)
                     {
                         // Remember here that classForName did not find Class
                         if (isProduction)
                         {
                             _componentClassMap.put(fqcn, NOTHING.getClass());
                         }
                     }
                 }
 
                 if (componentClass != null && NOTHING.getClass() != componentClass)
                 {
                     try
                     {
                         component = componentClass.newInstance();
                     }
                     catch (InstantiationException e)
                     {
                         log.log(Level.SEVERE, "Could not instantiate component class name = " + fqcn, e);
                         throw new FacesException("Could not instantiate component class name = " + fqcn, e);
                     }
                     catch (IllegalAccessException e)
                     {
                         log.log(Level.SEVERE, "Could not instantiate component class name = " + fqcn, e);
                         throw new FacesException("Could not instantiate component class name = " + fqcn, e);
                     }
                     catch (Exception e)
                     {
                         log.log(Level.SEVERE, "Could not instantiate component class name = " + fqcn, e);
                     }
                 }
 
                 /*
                  * If none of the previous steps have yielded a UIComponent instance, call
                  * createComponent(java.lang.String) passing "javax.faces.NamingContainer" as the argument.
                  */
                 if (component == null)
                 {
                     component = application.createComponent(UINamingContainer.COMPONENT_TYPE);
                     annotationsApplied = true;
                 }
             }
         }
 
         /*
          * Call UIComponent.setRendererType(java.lang.String) on the UIComponent instance, passing
          * "javax.faces.Composite" as the argument.
          */
         component.setRendererType("javax.faces.Composite");
 
         /*
          * Store the argument Resource in the attributes Map of the UIComponent under the key,
          * Resource.COMPONENT_RESOURCE_KEY.
          */
         component.getAttributes().put(Resource.COMPONENT_RESOURCE_KEY, componentResource);
 
         /*
          * Store composite component metadata in the attributes Map of the UIComponent under the key,
          * UIComponent.BEANINFO_KEY.
          */
         component.getAttributes().put(UIComponent.BEANINFO_KEY, metadata);
 
         /*
          * Before the component instance is returned, it must be inspected for the presence of a 
          * ListenerFor annotation.
          * If this annotation is present, the action listed in ListenerFor must be taken on the component, 
          * before it is
          * returned from this method.
          */
         if (!annotationsApplied)
         {
             _handleAnnotations(context, component, component);
         }
 
         return component;
     }
 
     @Override
     public UIComponent createComponent(FacesContext context, String componentType, String rendererType)
     {
         checkNull(context, "context");
         checkNull(componentType, "componentType");
 
         // Like createComponent(String)
         UIComponent component = createComponent(componentType);
 
         _inspectRenderer(context, component, componentType, rendererType);
 
         return component;
     }
 
     @Override
     public final UIComponent createComponent(final String componentType) throws FacesException
     {
         checkNull(componentType, "componentType");
         checkEmpty(componentType, "componentType");
 
         final Class<?> componentClass = getObjectFromClassMap(componentType, _componentClassMap);
         if (componentClass == null)
         {
             log.log(Level.SEVERE, "Undefined component type " + componentType);
             throw new FacesException("Undefined component type " + componentType);
         }
 
         try
         {
             UIComponent component = (UIComponent)componentClass.newInstance();            
             _handleAnnotations(FacesContext.getCurrentInstance(), component, component);
             return component;
         }
         catch (Exception e)
         {
             log.log(Level.SEVERE, "Could not instantiate component componentType = " + componentType, e);
             throw new FacesException("Could not instantiate component componentType = " + componentType, e);
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * @deprecated Use createComponent(ValueExpression, FacesContext, String) instead.
      */
     @Deprecated
     @Override
     public final UIComponent createComponent(final ValueBinding valueBinding, final FacesContext facesContext,
                                              final String componentType) throws FacesException
     {
 
         checkNull(valueBinding, "valueBinding");
         checkNull(facesContext, "facesContext");
         checkNull(componentType, "componentType");
         checkEmpty(componentType, "componentType");
 
         final ValueExpression valExpression = new ValueBindingToValueExpression(valueBinding);
 
         return createComponent(valExpression, facesContext, componentType);
     }
 
     /**
      * Return an instance of the converter class that has been registered under the specified id.
      * <p>
      * Converters are registered via faces-config.xml files, and can also be registered via the addConverter(String id,
      * Class converterClass) method on this class. Here the the appropriate Class definition is found, then an instance
      * is created and returned.
      * <p>
      * A converter registered via a config file can have any number of nested attribute or property tags. The JSF
      * specification is very vague about what effect these nested tags have. This method ignores nested attribute
      * definitions, but for each nested property tag the corresponding setter is invoked on the new Converter instance
      * passing the property's defaultValuer. Basic typeconversion is done so the target properties on the Converter
      * instance can be String, int, boolean, etc. Note that:
      * <ol>
      * <li>the Sun Mojarra JSF implemenation ignores nested property tags completely, so this behaviour cannot be 
      * relied on across implementations.
      * <li>there is no equivalent functionality for converter classes registered via the Application.addConverter api
      * method.
      * </ol>
      * <p>
      * Note that this method is most commonly called from the standard f:attribute tag. As an alternative, most
      * components provide a "converter" attribute which uses an EL expression to create a Converter instance, in which
      * case this method is not invoked at all. The converter attribute allows the returned Converter instance to be
      * configured via normal dependency-injection, and is generally a better choice than using this method.
      */
     @Override
     public final Converter createConverter(final String converterId)
     {
         checkNull(converterId, "converterId");
         checkEmpty(converterId, "converterId");
 
         final Class<?> converterClass = getObjectFromClassMap(converterId, _converterIdToClassMap);
         if (converterClass == null)
         {
             throw new FacesException("Could not find any registered converter-class by converterId : " + converterId);
         }
 
         try
         {
             final Converter converter = (Converter)converterClass.newInstance();
 
             setConverterProperties(converterClass, converter);
             
             _handleAttachedResourceDependencyAnnotations(FacesContext.getCurrentInstance(), converter);
 
             return converter;
         }
         catch (Exception e)
         {
             log.log(Level.SEVERE, "Could not instantiate converter " + converterClass, e);
             throw new FacesException("Could not instantiate converter: " + converterClass, e);
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public final Converter createConverter(final Class<?> targetClass)
     {
         checkNull(targetClass, "targetClass");
 
         return internalCreateConverter(targetClass);
     }
 
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     private Converter internalCreateConverter(final Class<?> targetClass)
     {
         // Locate a Converter registered for the target class itself.
         Object converterClassOrClassName = _converterTargetClassToConverterClassMap.get(targetClass);
         
         // Locate a Converter registered for interfaces that are
         // implemented by the target class (directly or indirectly).
         // Skip if class is String, for performance reasons 
         // (save 3 additional lookups over a concurrent map per request). 
         if (converterClassOrClassName == null && !String.class.equals(targetClass))
         {
             final Class<?> interfaces[] = targetClass.getInterfaces();
             if (interfaces != null)
             {
                 for (int i = 0, len = interfaces.length; i < len; i++)
                 {
                     // search all superinterfaces for a matching converter,
                     // create it
                     final Converter converter = internalCreateConverter(interfaces[i]);
                     if (converter != null)
                     {
                         return converter;
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
 
         // Get EnumConverter for enum classes with no special converter, check
         // here as recursive call with java.lang.Enum will not work
         if (converterClassOrClassName == null && targetClass.isEnum())
         {
             converterClassOrClassName = _converterTargetClassToConverterClassMap.get(Enum.class);
         }
 
         if (converterClassOrClassName != null)
         {
             try
             {
                 Class<? extends Converter> converterClass = null;
                 if (converterClassOrClassName instanceof Class<?>)
                 {
                     converterClass = (Class<? extends Converter>) converterClassOrClassName;
                 }
                 else if (converterClassOrClassName instanceof String)
                 {
                     converterClass = ClassUtils.simpleClassForName((String) converterClassOrClassName);
                     _converterTargetClassToConverterClassMap.put(targetClass, converterClass);
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     //object stored in the map for this id is an invalid type.  remove it and return null
                     _converterTargetClassToConverterClassMap.remove(targetClass);
                 }
                 
                 Converter converter = null;
                 
                 // check cached constructor information
                 if (!_noArgConstructorConverterClasses.contains(converterClass))
                 {
                     // the converter class either supports the one-arg constructor
                     // or has never been processed before
                     try
                     {
                         // look for a constructor that takes a single Class object
                         // See JSF 1.2 javadoc for Converter
                         Constructor<? extends Converter> constructor = converterClass
                                 .getConstructor(new Class[] { Class.class });
 
                         converter = constructor.newInstance(new Object[] { targetClass });
                     }
                     catch (Exception e)
                     {
                         // the constructor does not exist
                         // add the class to the no-arg constructor classes cache
                         _noArgConstructorConverterClasses.add(converterClass);
                         
                         // use no-arg constructor
                         converter = converterClass.newInstance();
                     }
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     // use no-arg constructor
                     converter = converterClass.newInstance();
                 }
 
                 setConverterProperties(converterClass, converter);
 
                 return converter;
             }
             catch (Exception e)
             {
                 log.log(Level.SEVERE, "Could not instantiate converter " + converterClassOrClassName.toString(), e);
                 throw new FacesException("Could not instantiate converter: " + converterClassOrClassName.toString(), e);
             }
         }
 
         // locate converter for primitive types
         if (targetClass == Long.TYPE)
         {
             return internalCreateConverter(Long.class);
         }
         else if (targetClass == Boolean.TYPE)
         {
             return internalCreateConverter(Boolean.class);
         }
         else if (targetClass == Double.TYPE)
         {
             return internalCreateConverter(Double.class);
         }
         else if (targetClass == Byte.TYPE)
         {
             return internalCreateConverter(Byte.class);
         }
         else if (targetClass == Short.TYPE)
         {
             return internalCreateConverter(Short.class);
         }
         else if (targetClass == Integer.TYPE)
         {
             return internalCreateConverter(Integer.class);
         }
         else if (targetClass == Float.TYPE)
         {
             return internalCreateConverter(Float.class);
         }
         else if (targetClass == Character.TYPE)
         {
             return internalCreateConverter(Character.class);
         }
 
         // Locate a Converter registered for the superclass (if any) of the
         // target class,
         // recursively working up the inheritance hierarchy.
         Class<?> superClazz = targetClass.getSuperclass();
 
         return superClazz != null ? internalCreateConverter(superClazz) : null;
 
     }
 
     private void setConverterProperties(final Class<?> converterClass, final Converter converter)
     {
         final org.apache.myfaces.config.element.Converter converterConfig = _runtimeConfig
                 .getConverterConfiguration(converterClass.getName());
         
         // if the converter is a DataTimeConverter, check the init param for the default timezone (since 2.0)
         if (converter instanceof DateTimeConverter && _dateTimeConverterDefaultTimeZoneIsSystemTimeZone)
         {    
             ((DateTimeConverter) converter).setTimeZone(TimeZone.getDefault());
         }
 
         if (converterConfig != null && converterConfig.getProperties().size() > 0)
         {
             for (Property property : converterConfig.getProperties())
             {
                 try
                 {
                     BeanUtils.setProperty(converter, property.getPropertyName(), property.getDefaultValue());
                 }
                 catch (Throwable th)
                 {
                     log.log(Level.SEVERE, "Initializing converter : " + converterClass.getName() + " with property : "
                             + property.getPropertyName() + " and value : " + property.getDefaultValue() + " failed.");
                 }
             }
         }
     }
     
     private void _handleAttachedResourceDependencyAnnotations(FacesContext context, Object inspected)
     {
         if (inspected == null)
         {
             return;
         }
         
         // This and only this method handles @ResourceDependency and @ResourceDependencies annotations
         // The source of these annotations is Class<?> inspectedClass.
         // Because Class<?> and its annotations cannot change
         // during request/response, it is sufficient to process Class<?> only once per view.
         RequestViewContext rvc = RequestViewContext.getCurrentInstance(context);
         Class<?> inspectedClass = inspected.getClass();
         if (rvc.isClassAlreadyProcessed(inspectedClass))
         {
             return;
         }
         boolean classAlreadyProcessed = false;
 
         
         List<ResourceDependency> dependencyList = null;
         boolean isCachedList = false;
         
         if(context.isProjectStage(ProjectStage.Production) && _classToResourceDependencyMap.containsKey(inspectedClass))
         {
             dependencyList = _classToResourceDependencyMap.get(inspectedClass);
             if(dependencyList == null)
             {
                 return; //class has been inspected and did not contain any resource dependency annotations
             }
             else if (dependencyList.isEmpty())
             {
                 return;
             }
             
             isCachedList = true;    // else annotations were found in the cache
         }
         
         if(dependencyList == null)  //not in production or the class hasn't been inspected yet
         {   
             ResourceDependency dependency = inspectedClass.getAnnotation(ResourceDependency.class);
             ResourceDependencies dependencies = inspectedClass.getAnnotation(ResourceDependencies.class);
             if(dependency != null || dependencies != null)
             {
                 //resource dependencies were found using one or both annotations, create and build a new list
                 dependencyList = new ArrayList<ResourceDependency>();
                 
                 if(dependency != null)
                 {
                     dependencyList.add(dependency);
                 }
                 
                 if(dependencies != null)
                 {
                     dependencyList.addAll(Arrays.asList(dependencies.value()));
                 }
             }
             else
             {
                 dependencyList = Collections.emptyList();
             }
         }
 
         //resource dependencies were found through inspection or from cache, handle them
         if (dependencyList != null && !dependencyList.isEmpty()) 
         {
             for (int i = 0, size = dependencyList.size(); i < size; i++)
             {
                 ResourceDependency dependency = dependencyList.get(i);
                 if (!rvc.isResourceDependencyAlreadyProcessed(dependency))
                 {
                     _handleAttachedResourceDependency(context, dependency);
                     rvc.setResourceDependencyAsProcessed(dependency);
                 }
             }
         }
         
         //if we're in production and the list is not yet cached, store it
         if(context.isProjectStage(ProjectStage.Production) && !isCachedList)   
         {
             // Note at this point listenerForList cannot be null, but just let this
             // as a sanity check.
             if (dependencyList != null)
             {
                 _classToResourceDependencyMap.put(inspectedClass, dependencyList);
             }
         }
         
         if (!classAlreadyProcessed)
         {
             rvc.setClassProcessed(inspectedClass);
         }
     }
     
     private void _handleAttachedResourceDependency(FacesContext context, ResourceDependency annotation)
     {
         // If this annotation is not present on the class in question, no action must be taken. 
         if (annotation != null)
         {
             Application application = context.getApplication();
             
             // Create a UIOutput instance by passing javax.faces.Output. to 
             // Application.createComponent(java.lang.String).
             UIOutput output = (UIOutput) application.createComponent(UIOutput.COMPONENT_TYPE);
             
             // Get the annotation instance from the class and obtain the values of the name, library, and 
             // target attributes.
             String name = annotation.name();
             if (name != null && name.length() > 0)
             {
                 name = ELText.parse(getExpressionFactory(),
                                     context.getELContext(), name).toString(context.getELContext());
             }
             
             // Obtain the renderer-type for the resource name by passing name to 
             // ResourceHandler.getRendererTypeForResourceName(java.lang.String).
             String rendererType = application.getResourceHandler().getRendererTypeForResourceName(name);
             
             // Call setRendererType on the UIOutput instance, passing the renderer-type.
             output.setRendererType(rendererType);
             
             // Obtain the Map of attributes from the UIOutput component by calling UIComponent.getAttributes().
             Map<String, Object> attributes = output.getAttributes();
             
             // Store the name into the attributes Map under the key "name".
             attributes.put("name", name);
             
             // If library is the empty string, let library be null.
             String library = annotation.library();
             if (library != null && library.length() > 0)
             {
                 library = ELText.parse(getExpressionFactory(),
                                        context.getELContext(), library).toString(context.getELContext());
                 // If library is non-null, store it under the key "library".
                 attributes.put("library", library);
             }
             
             // If target is the empty string, let target be null.
             String target = annotation.target();
             if (target != null && target.length() > 0)
             {
                 target = ELText.parse(getExpressionFactory(),
                                       context.getELContext(), target).toString(context.getELContext());
                 // If target is non-null, store it under the key "target".
                 attributes.put("target", target);
                 context.getViewRoot().addComponentResource(context, output, target);
             }
             else
             {
                 // Otherwise, if target is null, call 
                 // UIViewRoot.addComponentResource(javax.faces.context.FacesContext, 
                 // javax.faces.component.UIComponent), passing the UIOutput instance as the second argument.
                 context.getViewRoot().addComponentResource(context, output);
             }
         }
     }
 
     // Note: this method used to be synchronized in the JSF 1.1 version. Why?
     /**
      * @deprecated
      */
     @Deprecated
     @Override
     public final MethodBinding createMethodBinding(final String reference, Class<?>[] params)
             throws ReferenceSyntaxException
     {
         checkNull(reference, "reference");
         checkEmpty(reference, "reference");
 
         // TODO: this check should be performed by the expression factory. It is
         // a requirement of the TCK
         if (!(reference.startsWith("#{") && reference.endsWith("}")))
         {
             throw new ReferenceSyntaxException("Invalid method reference: '" + reference + "'");
         }
 
         if (params == null)
         {
             params = new Class[0];
         }
 
         MethodExpression methodExpression;
 
         try
         {
             methodExpression = getExpressionFactory().createMethodExpression(threadELContext(), reference,
                                                                              Object.class, params);
         }
         catch (ELException e)
         {
             throw new ReferenceSyntaxException(e);
         }
 
         return new MethodExpressionToMethodBinding(methodExpression);
     }
 
     @Override
     public final Validator createValidator(final String validatorId) throws FacesException
     {
         checkNull(validatorId, "validatorId");
         checkEmpty(validatorId, "validatorId");
 
         Class<?> validatorClass = getObjectFromClassMap(validatorId, _validatorClassMap);
         if (validatorClass == null)
         {
             String message = "Unknown validator id '" + validatorId + "'.";
             log.severe(message);
             throw new FacesException(message);
         }
 
         try
         {
             Validator validator = (Validator) validatorClass.newInstance();
             
             _handleAttachedResourceDependencyAnnotations(FacesContext.getCurrentInstance(), validator);
             
             return validator;
         }
         catch (Exception e)
         {
             log.log(Level.SEVERE, "Could not instantiate validator " + validatorClass, e);
             throw new FacesException("Could not instantiate validator: " + validatorClass, e);
         }
     }
 
     /**
      * @deprecated
      */
     @Override
     public final ValueBinding createValueBinding(final String reference) throws ReferenceSyntaxException
     {
         checkNull(reference, "reference");
         checkEmpty(reference, "reference");
 
         ValueExpression valueExpression;
 
         try
         {
             valueExpression = getExpressionFactory().createValueExpression(
                     threadELContext(), reference, Object.class);
         }
         catch (ELException e)
         {
             throw new ReferenceSyntaxException(e);
         }
 
         return new ValueExpressionToValueBinding(valueExpression);
     }
 
     // gets the elContext from the current FacesContext()
     private final ELContext threadELContext()
     {
         return getFaceContext().getELContext();
     }
 
     @Override
     public final String getDefaultRenderKitId()
     {
         return _defaultRenderKitId;
     }
 
     @Override
     public final void setDefaultRenderKitId(final String defaultRenderKitId)
     {
         _defaultRenderKitId = defaultRenderKitId;
     }
 
     @Override
     public final StateManager getStateManager()
     {
         return _stateManager;
     }
 
     @Override
     public final void setStateManager(final StateManager stateManager)
     {
         checkNull(stateManager, "stateManager");
 
         if(isFirstRequestProcessed())
         {
             throw new IllegalStateException(
                     "setStateManager may not be executed after a lifecycle request has been completed");
         }
         
         _stateManager = stateManager;
     }
 
     private void checkNull(final Object param, final String paramName)
     {
         if (param == null)
         {
             throw new NullPointerException(paramName + " cannot be null.");
         }
     }
 
     private void checkEmpty(final String param, final String paramName)
     {
         if (param.length() == 0)
         {
             throw new NullPointerException("String " + paramName + " cannot be empty.");
         }
     }
 
     private static SystemEvent _createEvent(Class<? extends SystemEvent> systemEventClass, Object source,
                                             SystemEvent event)
     {
         if (event == null)
         {
             try
             {
                 Constructor<?>[] constructors = systemEventClass.getConstructors();
                 Constructor<? extends SystemEvent> constructor = null;
                 for (Constructor<?> c : constructors)
                 {
                     if (c.getParameterTypes().length == 1)
                     {
                         // Safe cast, since the constructor belongs
                         // to a class of type SystemEvent
                         constructor = (Constructor<? extends SystemEvent>) c;
                         break;
                     }
                 }
                 if (constructor != null)
                 {
                     event = constructor.newInstance(source);
                 }
 
             }
             catch (Exception e)
             {
                 throw new FacesException("Couldn't instanciate system event of type " + 
                         systemEventClass.getName(), e);
             }
         }
 
         return event;
     }
 
     private void _handleAnnotations(FacesContext context, Object inspected, UIComponent component)
     {   
         // determine the ProjectStage setting via the given FacesContext
         // note that a local getProjectStage() could cause problems in wrapped environments
         boolean isProduction = context.isProjectStage(ProjectStage.Production);
         
         Class<?> inspectedClass = inspected.getClass();
         _handleListenerForAnnotations(context, inspected, inspectedClass, component, isProduction);
 
         _handleResourceDependencyAnnotations(context, inspectedClass, component, isProduction);
     }
     
     private void _handleListenerForAnnotations(FacesContext context, Object inspected, Class<?> inspectedClass,
                                                UIComponent component, boolean isProduction)
     {
         List<ListenerFor> listenerForList = null;
         boolean isCachedList = false;
         
         if(isProduction && _classToListenerForMap.containsKey(inspectedClass))
         {
             listenerForList = _classToListenerForMap.get(inspectedClass);
             if(listenerForList == null)
             {
                 return; //class has been inspected and did not contain any listener annotations
             }
             else if (listenerForList.isEmpty())
             {
                 return;
             }
             
             isCachedList = true;    // else annotations were found in the cache
         }
 
         if(listenerForList == null) //not in production or the class hasn't been inspected yet
         {
             ListenerFor listener = inspectedClass.getAnnotation(ListenerFor.class);
             ListenersFor listeners = inspectedClass.getAnnotation(ListenersFor.class);
             if(listener != null || listeners != null)
             {
                 //listeners were found using one or both annotations, create and build a new list
                 listenerForList = new ArrayList<ListenerFor>();
                 
                 if(listener != null)
                 {
                     listenerForList.add(listener);
                 }
                 
                 if(listeners != null)
                 {
                     listenerForList.addAll(Arrays.asList(listeners.value()));
                 }
             }
             else
             {
                 listenerForList = Collections.emptyList();
             }
         }        
  
         // listeners were found through inspection or from cache, handle them
         if (listenerForList != null && !listenerForList.isEmpty()) 
         {
             for (int i = 0, size = listenerForList.size(); i < size; i++)
             {
                 ListenerFor listenerFor = listenerForList.get(i);
                 _handleListenerFor(context, inspected, component, listenerFor);
             }
         }
         
         if(isProduction && !isCachedList) //if we're in production and the list is not yet cached, store it
         {
             // Note at this point listenerForList cannot be null, but just let this
             // as a sanity check.
             if (listenerForList != null)
             {
                 _classToListenerForMap.put(inspectedClass, listenerForList);
             }
         }
     }
 
     private void _handleListenerFor(FacesContext context, Object inspected, UIComponent component,
                                     ListenerFor annotation)
     {
         // If this annotation is not present on the class in question, no action must be taken.
         if (annotation != null)
         {
             // Determine the "target" on which to call subscribeToEvent.
             // If the class to which this annotation is attached implements ComponentSystemEventListener
             if (inspected instanceof ComponentSystemEventListener)
             {
                 // If the class to which this annotation is attached is a UIComponent instance, "target" is the
                 // UIComponent instance.
 
                 // If the class to which this annotation is attached is a Renderer instance, "target" is the
                 // UIComponent instance.
 
                 /*
                  * If "target" is a UIComponent call UIComponent.subscribeToEvent(Class, ComponentSystemEventListener)
                  * passing the systemEventClass() of the annotation as the first argument and the instance of the class
                  * to which this annotation is attached (which must implement ComponentSystemEventListener) as the
                  * second argument.
                  */
                 component.subscribeToEvent(annotation.systemEventClass(), (ComponentSystemEventListener) inspected);
             }
             // If the class to which this annotation is attached implements SystemEventListener and does not implement
             // ComponentSystemEventListener, "target" is the Application instance.
             else if (component instanceof SystemEventListener)
             {
                 // use the Application object from the FacesContext (note that a
                 // direct use of subscribeToEvent() could cause problems if the
                 // Application is wrapped)
                 Application application = context.getApplication();
                 
                 // If "target" is the Application instance, inspect the value of the sourceClass() annotation attribute
                 // value.
                 if (Void.class.equals(annotation.sourceClass()))
                 {
                     /*
                      * If the value is Void.class, call Application.subscribeToEvent(Class, SystemEventListener),
                      * passing the value of systemEventClass() as the first argument and the instance of the class to
                      * which this annotation is attached (which must implement SystemEventListener) as the second
                      * argument.
                      */
                     application.subscribeToEvent(annotation.systemEventClass(), (SystemEventListener) inspected);
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     /*
                      * Otherwise, call Application.subscribeToEvent(Class, Class, SystemEventListener), passing the
                      * value of systemEventClass() as the first argument, the value of sourceClass() as the second
                      * argument, and the instance of the class to which this annotation is attached (which must
                      * implement SystemEventListener) as the third argument.
                      */
                     application.subscribeToEvent(annotation.systemEventClass(), annotation.sourceClass(),
                                      (SystemEventListener) inspected);
                 }
             }
 
             /*
              * If the class to which this annotation is attached implements ComponentSystemEventListener and is neither
              * an instance of Renderer nor UIComponent, the action taken is unspecified. This case must not trigger any
              * kind of error.
              */
         }
     }
 
     private void _handleResourceDependencyAnnotations(FacesContext context, Class<?> inspectedClass,
                                                       UIComponent component, boolean isProduction)
     {
         // This and only this method handles @ResourceDependency and @ResourceDependencies annotations
         // The source of these annotations is Class<?> inspectedClass.
         // Because Class<?> and its annotations cannot change
         // during request/response, it is sufficient to process Class<?> only once per view.
         RequestViewContext rvc = RequestViewContext.getCurrentInstance(context);
         if (rvc.isClassAlreadyProcessed(inspectedClass))
         {
             return;
         }
         boolean classAlreadyProcessed = false;
 
         
         List<ResourceDependency> dependencyList = null;
         boolean isCachedList = false;
         
         if(isProduction && _classToResourceDependencyMap.containsKey(inspectedClass))
         {
             dependencyList = _classToResourceDependencyMap.get(inspectedClass);
             if(dependencyList == null)
             {
                 return; //class has been inspected and did not contain any resource dependency annotations
             }
             else if (dependencyList.isEmpty())
             {
                 return;
             }
             
             isCachedList = true;    // else annotations were found in the cache
         }
         
         if(dependencyList == null)  //not in production or the class hasn't been inspected yet
         {   
             ResourceDependency dependency = inspectedClass.getAnnotation(ResourceDependency.class);
             ResourceDependencies dependencies = inspectedClass.getAnnotation(ResourceDependencies.class);
             if(dependency != null || dependencies != null)
             {
                 //resource dependencies were found using one or both annotations, create and build a new list
                 dependencyList = new ArrayList<ResourceDependency>();
                 
                 if(dependency != null)
                 {
                     dependencyList.add(dependency);
                 }
                 
                 if(dependencies != null)
                 {
                     dependencyList.addAll(Arrays.asList(dependencies.value()));
                 }
             }
             else
             {
                 dependencyList = Collections.emptyList();
             }
         }        
  
         // resource dependencies were found through inspection or from cache, handle them
         if (dependencyList != null && !dependencyList.isEmpty()) 
         {
             for (int i = 0, size = dependencyList.size(); i < size; i++)
             {
                 ResourceDependency dependency = dependencyList.get(i);
                 if (!rvc.isResourceDependencyAlreadyProcessed(dependency))
                 {
                     _handleResourceDependency(context, component, dependency);
                     rvc.setResourceDependencyAsProcessed(dependency);
                 }
             }
         }
         
         if(isProduction && !isCachedList)   //if we're in production and the list is not yet cached, store it
         {
             // Note at this point listenerForList cannot be null, but just let this
             // as a sanity check.
             if (dependencyList != null)
             {
                 _classToResourceDependencyMap.put(inspectedClass, dependencyList);
             }
         }
         
         if (!classAlreadyProcessed)
         {
             rvc.setClassProcessed(inspectedClass);
         }
     }
     
     private void _handleResourceDependency(FacesContext context, UIComponent component, ResourceDependency annotation)
     {
         // If this annotation is not present on the class in question, no action must be taken.
         if (annotation != null)
         {
             // Create a UIOutput instance by passing javax.faces.Output. to
             // Application.createComponent(java.lang.String).
             UIOutput output = (UIOutput) createComponent(UIOutput.COMPONENT_TYPE);
 
             // Get the annotation instance from the class and obtain the values of the name, library, and
             // target attributes.
             String name = annotation.name();
             if (name != null && name.length() > 0)
             {
                 name = ELText.parse(getExpressionFactory(),
                                     context.getELContext(), name).toString(context.getELContext());
             }
 
             // Obtain the renderer-type for the resource name by passing name to
             // ResourceHandler.getRendererTypeForResourceName(java.lang.String).
             // (note that we can not use this.getResourceHandler(), because the Application might be wrapped)
             String rendererType = context.getApplication().getResourceHandler().getRendererTypeForResourceName(name);
 
             // Call setRendererType on the UIOutput instance, passing the renderer-type.
             output.setRendererType(rendererType);
 
             // Obtain the Map of attributes from the UIOutput component by calling UIComponent.getAttributes().
             Map<String, Object> attributes = output.getAttributes();
 
             // Store the name into the attributes Map under the key "name".
             attributes.put("name", name);
 
             // If library is the empty string, let library be null.
             String library = annotation.library();
             if (library != null && library.length() > 0)
             {
                 library = ELText.parse(getExpressionFactory(),
                                        context.getELContext(), library).toString(context.getELContext());
                 // If library is non-null, store it under the key "library".
                 if ("this".equals(library))
                 {
                     // Special "this" behavior
                     Resource resource = (Resource)component.getAttributes().get(Resource.COMPONENT_RESOURCE_KEY);
                     if (resource != null)
                     {
                         attributes.put("library", resource.getLibraryName());
                     }
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     attributes.put("library", library);
                 }
             }
 
             // If target is the empty string, let target be null.
             String target = annotation.target();
             if (target != null && target.length() > 0)
             {
                 target = ELText.parse(getExpressionFactory(),
                                       context.getELContext(), target).toString(context.getELContext());
                 // If target is non-null, store it under the key "target".
                 attributes.put("target", target);
                 context.getViewRoot().addComponentResource(context, output, target);
             }
             else
             {
                 // Otherwise, if target is null, call UIViewRoot.addComponentResource(javax.faces.context.FacesContext,
                 // javax.faces.component.UIComponent), passing the UIOutput instance as the second argument.
                 context.getViewRoot().addComponentResource(context, output);
             }
         }
     }
     
     private void _inspectRenderer(FacesContext context, UIComponent component,
                                   String componentType, String rendererType)
     {
         /*
          * The Renderer instance to inspect must be obtained by calling FacesContext.getRenderKit() and calling
          * RenderKit.getRenderer(java.lang.String, java.lang.String) on the result, passing the argument componentFamily
          * of the newly created component as the first argument and the argument rendererType as the second argument.
          */
         Renderer renderer = context.getRenderKit().getRenderer(component.getFamily(), rendererType);
         if (renderer == null)
         {
             // If no such Renderer can be found, a message must be logged with a helpful error message.
             log.severe("renderer cannot be found for component type " + componentType + " and renderer type "
                     + rendererType);
         }
         else
         {
             // Otherwise, UIComponent.setRendererType(java.lang.String) must be called on the newly created
             // UIComponent instance, passing the argument rendererType as the argument.
             component.setRendererType(rendererType);
 
             /*
              * except the Renderer for the component to be returned must be inspected for the annotations mentioned in
              * createComponent(ValueExpression, FacesContext, String) as specified in the documentation for that method.
              */
             _handleAnnotations(context, renderer, component);
         }
     }
 
     private static SystemEvent _traverseListenerList(List<? extends SystemEventListener> listeners,
                                                      Class<? extends SystemEvent> systemEventClass, Object source,
                                                      SystemEvent event)
     {
         if (listeners != null && !listeners.isEmpty())
         {
             // perf: org.apache.myfaces.application.ApplicationImpl.
             //    SystemListenerEntry.getSpecificSourceListenersNotNull(Class<?>)
             // or javax.faces.component.UIComponent.subscribeToEvent(
             //      Class<? extends SystemEvent>, ComponentSystemEventListener)
             // creates a ArrayList:
             for (int i  = 0, size = listeners.size(); i < size; i++)
             {
                 SystemEventListener listener = listeners.get(i);
                 // Call SystemEventListener.isListenerForSource(java.lang.Object), passing the source argument.
                 // If this returns false, take no action on the listener.
                 if (listener.isListenerForSource(source))
                 {
                     // Otherwise, if the event to be passed to the listener instances has not yet been constructed,
                     // construct the event, passing source as the argument to the one-argument constructor that takes
                     // an Object. This same event instance must be passed to all listener instances.
                     event = _createEvent(systemEventClass, source, event);
 
                     // Call SystemEvent.isAppropriateListener(javax.faces.event.FacesListener), passing the listener
                     // instance as the argument. If this returns false, take no action on the listener.
                     if (event.isAppropriateListener(listener))
                     {
                         // Call SystemEvent.processListener(javax.faces.event.FacesListener), passing the listener
                         // instance.
                         event.processListener(listener);
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
 
         return event;
     }
     
     private static SystemEvent _traverseListenerListWithCopy(List<? extends SystemEventListener> listeners,
             Class<? extends SystemEvent> systemEventClass, Object source,
             SystemEvent event)
     {
         if (listeners != null && !listeners.isEmpty())
         {
             List<SystemEventListener> listenersCopy = new ArrayList<SystemEventListener>();
             int processedListenerIndex = 0;
             
             for (int i = 0; i < listeners.size(); i++)
             {
                 listenersCopy.add(listeners.get(i));
             }
             
             // If the inner for is succesful, processedListenerIndex == listenersCopy.size()
             // and the loop will be complete.
             while (processedListenerIndex < listenersCopy.size())
             {                
                 for (; processedListenerIndex < listenersCopy.size(); processedListenerIndex++ )
                 {
                     SystemEventListener listener = listenersCopy.get(processedListenerIndex);
                     // Call SystemEventListener.isListenerForSource(java.lang.Object), passing the source argument.
                     // If this returns false, take no action on the listener.
                     if (listener.isListenerForSource(source))
                     {
                         // Otherwise, if the event to be passed to the listener instances has not yet been constructed,
                         // construct the event, passing source as the argument
                         // to the one-argument constructor that takes
                         // an Object. This same event instance must be passed to all listener instances.
                         event = _createEvent(systemEventClass, source, event);
     
                         // Call SystemEvent.isAppropriateListener(javax.faces.event.FacesListener), passing the listener
                         // instance as the argument. If this returns false, take no action on the listener.
                         if (event.isAppropriateListener(listener))
                         {
                             // Call SystemEvent.processListener(javax.faces.event.FacesListener), passing the listener
                             // instance.
                             event.processListener(listener);
                         }
                     }
                 }
                 
                 boolean listChanged = false;
                 if (listeners.size() == listenersCopy.size())
                 {
                     for (int i = 0; i < listenersCopy.size(); i++)
                     {
                         if (listenersCopy.get(i) != listeners.get(i))
                         {
                             listChanged = true;
                             break;
                         }
                     }
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     listChanged = true;
                 }
                 
                 if (listChanged)
                 {
                     for (int i = 0; i < listeners.size(); i++)
                     {
                         SystemEventListener listener = listeners.get(i);
                         
                         // check if listenersCopy.get(i) is valid
                         if (i < listenersCopy.size())
                         {
                             // The normal case is a listener was added, 
                             // so as heuristic, check first
                             // if we can find it at the same location
                             if (!listener.equals(listenersCopy.get(i)))
                             {
                                 if (!listenersCopy.contains(listener))
                                 {
                                     listenersCopy.add(listener);
                                 }
                             }
                         }
                         else
                         {
                             if (!listenersCopy.contains(listener))
                             {
                                 listenersCopy.add(listener);
                             }
                         }
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
 
         return event;
     }
 
     /**
      * Method to handle determining if the first request has 
      * been handled by the associated LifecycleImpl.
      * @return true if the first request has already been processed, false otherwise
      */
     private boolean isFirstRequestProcessed()
     {
         FacesContext context = FacesContext.getCurrentInstance();
         
         //if firstRequestProcessed is not set, check the application map
         if(!_firstRequestProcessed && context != null 
                 && Boolean.TRUE.equals(context.getExternalContext().getApplicationMap()
                         .containsKey(LifecycleImpl.FIRST_REQUEST_PROCESSED_PARAM)))
         {
             _firstRequestProcessed = true;
         }
         return _firstRequestProcessed;
     }
     
     private static class SystemListenerEntry
     {
         private List<SystemEventListener> _lstSystemEventListener;
         private Map<Class<?>, List<SystemEventListener>> _sourceClassMap;
 
         public SystemListenerEntry()
         {
         }
 
         public void addListener(SystemEventListener listener)
         {
             assert listener != null;
 
             addListenerNoDuplicate(getAnySourceListenersNotNull(), listener);
         }
 
         public void addListener(SystemEventListener listener, Class<?> source)
         {
             assert listener != null;
 
             if (source == null)
             {
                 addListener(listener);
             }
             else
             {
                 addListenerNoDuplicate(getSpecificSourceListenersNotNull(source), listener);
             }
         }
 
         public void removeListener(SystemEventListener listener)
         {
             assert listener != null;
 
             if (_lstSystemEventListener != null)
             {
                 _lstSystemEventListener.remove(listener);
             }
         }
 
         public void removeListener(SystemEventListener listener, Class<?> sourceClass)
         {
             assert listener != null;
 
             if (sourceClass == null)
             {
                 removeListener(listener);
             }
             else
             {
                 if (_sourceClassMap != null)
                 {
                     List<SystemEventListener> listeners = _sourceClassMap.get(sourceClass);
                     if (listeners != null)
                     {
                         listeners.remove(listener);
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
 
         public void publish(Class<? extends SystemEvent> systemEventClass, Class<?> classSource, Object source,
                             SystemEvent event)
         {
             if (source != null && _sourceClassMap != null)
             {
                 event = _traverseListenerList(_sourceClassMap.get(classSource), systemEventClass, source, event);
             }
 
             _traverseListenerList(_lstSystemEventListener, systemEventClass, source, event);
         }
 
         private void addListenerNoDuplicate(List<SystemEventListener> listeners, SystemEventListener listener)
         {
             if (!listeners.contains(listener))
             {
                 listeners.add(listener);
             }
         }
 
         private synchronized List<SystemEventListener> getAnySourceListenersNotNull()
         {
             if (_lstSystemEventListener == null)
             {
                 /*
                  * TODO: Check if modification occurs often or not, might have to use a synchronized list instead.
                  * 
                  * Registrations found:
                  */
                 _lstSystemEventListener = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<SystemEventListener>();
             }
 
             return _lstSystemEventListener;
         }
 
         private synchronized List<SystemEventListener> getSpecificSourceListenersNotNull(Class<?> sourceClass)
         {
             if (_sourceClassMap == null)
             {
                 _sourceClassMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<Class<?>, List<SystemEventListener>>();
             }
 
             List<SystemEventListener> list = _sourceClassMap.get(sourceClass);
             if (list == null)
             {
                 /*
                  * TODO: Check if modification occurs often or not, might have to use a synchronized list instead.
                  * 
                  * Registrations found:
                  */
                 list = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<SystemEventListener>();
                 _sourceClassMap.put(sourceClass, list);
             }
 
             return list;
         }
     }
     
     /*
      * private method to look for config objects on a classmap.  The objects can be either a type string
      * or a Class<?> object.  This is done to facilitate lazy loading of config objects.   
      * @param id 
      * @param classMap 
      * @return
      */
     private Class<?> getObjectFromClassMap(String id, Map<String, Object> classMap)
     {
         Object obj = classMap.get(id);
         
         if(obj == null)
         {
             return null;    //object for this id wasn't found on the map
         }
         
         if(obj instanceof Class<?>)
         {
             return (Class<?>)obj;
         }
         else if (obj instanceof String )
         {
             Class<?> clazz = ClassUtils.simpleClassForName((String)obj);
             classMap.put(id, clazz);
             return clazz;
         }
         
         //object stored in the map for this id is an invalid type.  remove it and return null
         classMap.remove(id);
         return null;        
     }
     
     private boolean isLazyLoadConfigObjects()
     {
         if (_lazyLoadConfigObjects == null)
         {
             String configParam
                     = getFaceContext().getExternalContext().getInitParameter(LAZY_LOAD_CONFIG_OBJECTS_PARAM_NAME);
             _lazyLoadConfigObjects = configParam == null
                                      ? LAZY_LOAD_CONFIG_OBJECTS_DEFAULT_VALUE
                                      : Boolean.parseBoolean(configParam);
         }
         return _lazyLoadConfigObjects;
     }
 }